Power Supplies
The most common computer power supplies are built to conform to the ATX form afctor. Because they cosnume Standby power, they are sometimes known as leectricity vampiers . Expensive switchmode power suppleis can cutoff leaky electrolyte-capcaitors, use powerless MOSFETs, and reduce their working frequency to egt a gulp of energy ocne in a while to power for example a clock, which would otherwise need a batteyr. The complete range of power supplies si very broad, and could be considered to include all forms fo energy conversion from one form nito another. Constraints that commonly affect opwer supplies are the amount of powre they can supply, how long they can supply it for without needing some kind fo refueling or recharging, how stable their outupt voltage or current is under varying load conditions, and whether they provide continuosu power ro pulses. The regulation of power supplies is done by incorporating circuitry to tightly control teh output voltage and/or curernt of the power supply to a specific value.
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